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A.J. Winkelspecht's Divergent Chess from 1999 gives 'Rook moves without capturing as an orthodox Rook & captures by moving as an orthodox Bishop.' The 'Dragon-type' here is the 'Passed Pawns, Scorpions and Dragon' piece extended from five squares to six squares, called Phoenix. 8 P___ ___ ___ ___P___K___ ___ ___A___V 7 V___A___ ___A___ ___A___ ___ ___ ___F V,v = Divergent Chess Rook 6 F___ ___ ___ ___P___ ___P___ ___P___X 5 ___P___ ___P___ ___P___ ___P___ ___P X,x = Phoenix, six- 4 p___ ___p___ ___p___ ___p___ ___p___ square multipath 3 x___f___ ___ ___ ___p___ ___ ___ ___f 2 p___v___a___ ___a___ ___a___ ___a___v A,a = Alfil; F,f = Ferz 1 ___p___ ___ ___k___p___ ___ ___ ___p a b c d e f g h i j P,p = Berolina Pawn White: Actually only King can move! 'V' and 'X' have no pathway at first. If King e1-f2, Divergent Rook-a7 takes, illegal. If King e1-d2, Divergent Rook-j8 has the path, illegal. If King e1-d1, Phoenix has pathway j6-i5-h4-g3-f2-e1-d1, illegal. Black: If King f8-g7, Divergent Rook-b2 has the path, illegal. If King f8-e7, Divergent Rook-j2 has the path, illegal. If King f8-g8, Phoenix has pathway a3-b4-c5-d6-e7-f8-g8, illegal.
By more tools to work with, there exist more solutions. Winkelspecht's 1999 Divergent Chess Rook, Winther's 2006 bifurcation piece Murmillo, and Falcon extension (1996 copyright) Dragon all three key for 2-player immobilization. 8x8 solution shows all White & Black pieces' having no legal moves, whoever first, in legal initial set-up, Kings back-ranked. 8 ____F____W____L____K____ ____ ____L P,p = Berolina Pawn 7 P____ ____P____ ____P____ ____P____ D,d = Dragon, required 5-square 6 V____P____ ____P____ ____P____V____P multipath 5 M____ ____P____ ____P____ ____M____D V,v = Divergent Ch. Rook moves 4 d____p____ ____p____ ____p____ ____m as R, captures as Bishop 3 p____v____p____ ____p____ ____p____v M,m = Murmillo, moves Bishop, 2 ____l____ ____p____ ____p____ ____p only if capturing turns 1 f____ ____ ____k____l____ ____l____w 45-degrees for 'bounce- a b c d e f g h capture' second leg F,f = Ferz; L,l = Alfil W,w = Wazir White: If King d1-c2, then V-g6 has path, illegal. If King d1-e2, then V-a6 has path, illegal. If King d1-c1, then Dragon has pathway h5-g4-f3-e2-d1-c1. Black: If King e8-f7, then v-b3 has path, illegal. If King e8-d7, then v-h3 has path, illegal. (2) If King e8-f8, then Dragon has pathway a4-b5-c6-d7-e8-f8.
In this thread, the two boards represent initial positions, no move having as yet been played. We should describe the set-ups succinctly as Stalemate. Kings are not initially in check, and all pieces and Pawns are positioned naturally enough on own board-half. Stalemate, regardless whether White or Black happens to try moving first. For the immediately-preceding second Board here under 'all messages', look up or hold in mind definitional movements for Berolina Pawn, Dragon (from article 'Passed Pawns, Scorpions, Dragons'), Divergent Chess, and Winther's bifurcation Murmillo. It is clearly evident that no Pawn or piece can move at all. In the first Board, Phoenix is the only addition, being a required six-square plural-path mover, as Scorpion is four-square. The same problem-theme effect there shows that even Berolina Pawns cannot move from the opening, faced forwardly by other Berolina Pawns. Please understand that no capturing move is possible either by any unit, nothing, nada. Stalemate, with all 32, or 40, pieces on board, not one of which may legally be moved. A period piece.
''To you insane world/ But one reply -- I refuse.''
--Marina Tsvetaeva
We have Hunter Overtaker Rettah Switcher Equerry.
The array on 8x8 is to the right. ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
Hunter(H) goes forward Rook-like O___O___O___O___O___O___O___O
backward Bishop-like. S___H___E___R___R___E___H___S
Among 'O's we choose Overtaker(O).
Eight Pawns are Lavieri's Overtaker from Altair (2003).
Rettah Chess (1952) is V.R. Parton's first variant before Alice Chess
(1953). Rettah King(R) moves as all other pieces combined.
Switcher(S) is Bishop moving as B or King, or changes places with an enemy Switcher. (Ron Kensek's Chaos Chess from around 1980).
H. E. Bird's (1874) Equerry(E) is Carrera's (1617) Centaur, Bishop +
Knight.
Rules: If Rettah is checked, the checker must be captured immediately
(after Rettah Chess). Alternate win by capture of both Rettahs.
[ Who knows where the lines came from: HORSE SHORE HOSER HEROS SHOER ? ]
Rorschach Test
Every word a game. Anyone making a CV can use the HORSE method. Go to Frank Truelove's piece list, for non-readers of books 'ECV' and 'Guide to Fairy Chess'. Look up piece-names starting with these letters. Five piece-types: Hunter, Overtaker, Rettah, Switcher, Equerry: HORSE. On 8x8 SHERREHS, second row OOOOOOOO. HORSE, SHORE SHOER, HOSER, HEROS are of course considered one and the same, differing only in being FischerRandomChess-like randomizations. Invoking suitable Rules: If Rettah is checked, the checker must be captured immediately. /// End of argument. /// Three little pigs: houses of straw or of stone. Will a putative CV, seeing the light of day, weather winds of fortune or test of time? /// HORSE method morphs. HORUS would be different. We need a 'U-'. Unicorn (Bishop + NN: 'NN' is neat shorthand of Nightrider: 'Nightrider' is mis-spelling of 'Knightrider': hey, naming alone is form of creativity: 'Nightrider' then as Knight that can continue.) Hence Hunter, Overtaker, Rettah, Unicorn, Switcher. /// How about ''RORSCHACH''? That would be 9 piece-types. 12x8 96 squares can optimize that many. Reducer(r) Overtaker(O) Rettah(R) Switcher(S) Champion(C) Hunter(H) Alfil(A) Centaur(c) Hero(h). RORSCHACH.
Rorschach as a CV has nine(9) piece-types, and the initial array becomes: Row 2 OOOOOOOOOOOO and Row 1 rSHCARRAchSr, for which see the previous Comment. For convenience, apply the same Rule(s) -- just the one logical Rule allows full extrapolation -- that keys off V. R. Parton's Rettah. In the first examples, simply learn the new-piece methods of movement in order to play. The CVs so far all fall in the ''Rettah family,'' meaning any checker of Rettah must be taken. Rettah Chess itself is Parton's first game (1952) before Alice Chess (1953). Parton cleverly names, because ''Rettah'' is ''Hatter'' backwards, Lewis Carroll has some chess problems, and Mad Hatter appears in his fiction. Thus and so, the HORSE method generalizes, endlessly. 'Thus/and/so' would also be a variant. Templar/Hunter/Unicorn, Switcher/Alfil/Nightrider/Dabbabah/Spy/Overtaker, nicely fitting also on 12x8 with 9 piece-types. [Ones not in Truelove's reference list are either in CVPage alphabetically or else under Altair.]

Okay, George, you've caught me. While I couldn't say everything I wanted to [in particular, I really wanted to get 'neener, neener, neener' in there too], in my crashed and burned game SpaceWar, the ffen diagram does say '1D Nerd Neen'. [Yes, it was deliberate; I have a slightly better arrangement for the pieces using all 16 pawns, too, but then I couldn't get the '1'.]
By the HORSE method, CV enthusiasts can just think of a name and then design the CV. This naming-first has been done with, we suspect, such as Alice Chess, Dragonchess, Nemeroth, Altair, Tetrahedral, both Omega Chesses, to mention a few. It is not so uncommon. In those cases, at least probably, the name was percolating -- or so logical as to be compelling -- and the exact Rules came later. As usual, Falcon Chess is intermediate case. In January 1988, over 20 years ago, I had the (1930's) Novo Chess two path (2,4)(3,4) squares in mind on 8x10, and 10x10. In other words, straight-diagonal-diagonal, s-s-d, d-s-s, and diagonal-diagonal-straight, as we called them then, in plain words. Then around 1990 came the name Falcon out of the blue. Then in December 1992, talking with veterinarian friend Vera Cole, it occurred to me that straight-diagonal-straight and diagonal-straight-diagonal are equally valid: three-path multi-path. Actually far better, requisite taken as a whole and mathematically speaking. Thus the B-N-R complement, the only one such, discovered late 1992, was already named. So good naming can come any time in the process. The name can be afterthought, even painful for some, or can catalyze the game-Rules themselves -- what we are exploring here in the follow-up.
Let's try one. CVs are ''a dime a dozen.'' That would be size 10x12. Whenever seeing a word or phrase, anywhere any time, think Variant. Think Rules. Think how to play it, like a songwriter. Now 'A/DIME/A/DOZEN' has eleven piece-types. Alfil(a)/ Dabbabah(d)/ Immobilizer(I)/ Mage(M)/ Equerry(E)/ Archbishop(A)/ Dragon(D)/ Overtaker(O)/ Zebra(Z)/ Elbow Bishop(e)/ Nightrider(N). That gives plausibly on 10x12: Row 2, OOOOOOOOOOOO; Row 1, ENadDeIMZaNA. No matter that within the same game here we have Carrera's Centaur (BN) called both Equerry from 1870's Bird's and Archbishop from 1920's Capablanca. It is convenient, and there are still more names today for that same piece. Interesting Rules: Pawns may initially step up to triply. Immobilizer is the royal piece and so must be checked, or taken, from afar. Sources: Truelove's list, CVPage Alphabetical, Rococo, Altair, Bird's, Falcon articles for multi-path Dragon.
Why do clocks run clockwise anyway? Chess Variants suggest modifications of other Sports: Thoroughbred racing Variants. ''Big Brown's'' embarrassing last-place finish at Belmont Stakes, NY USA, June 2008: no hysterical ''Triple Crown'' winner. (1) Variant One. High-Stakes Race contenders run the tracks clockwise (European-style). Half the races actually should go clockwise for health reasons. Running CCW around ovals all the time distorts anatomies, because unsymmetrically left flanks always toe in for changes of direction, whilst right overdevelops striding. Such different stresses mean eventual genetic maladaptation by selection. (2) Change winning conditions. Why the Horse crossing finish line first always declared winner? a) Cross finish line at greatest angle from 90 degrees, up to 45 degrees. b) Stepping backwards. c) Over and back fifty metres and over again. d) Thrice such. (3) Horse racing occasionally features locals as jockey-riders and monkeys. The first to produce full on-board robotic computer-mount control winning North American race gets free entrance fees for entire barn. This will also encourage not just one but many androids fitted for saddling entire stables. No more jockeys, think of savings. (Will some world-class jockey, robotically beaten, claim human intervention from a distance, like Gary Kasparov?) (4) Four is variation of (1). Half the field runs CW, and half CCW. Head-on collision at Finish is Draw, Deadheat, called ''Draw by Header.'' [Next we look at ''Basketball,'' invented by Naismith 1891, to redesign toward full potential and outlast the Classical Arena.]
[Tom, Tom the Piper's son learned to play when he was young, / But the only tune that he could play was ''Over the Hills and Far Away.''] Where do so-called ''Chess Grandmasters'' get their credentials? From good play at OrthoChess 8x8 with all its rote practice. Their ELO is a probabilistic system in application. Even ELO 2200 will defeat ELO 2600 certain expected percentage of the time. We are talking about one particular Rules set and one specific narrow time control. How would skill within those parameters translate to other board games? Problematically not automatically. As Joyce discloses, games with movements exclusively Night-, Bishop-, and Rook-like will benefit those experts exclusively used to RNB. As Gifford shows, shorter time controls will help the specialist in FIDE. That is why they always advocate Carrera variants from Bird to Seirawan. Suppose instead their ELOs were based on 80 years (FIDE was founded 80 years ago) of Los Alamos 6x6 (actually developed 1950's). Hey a thought experiment! Isn't that where Chess started in the first place, with thinking? Anyway, it is clear ELO2700 at little Los Alamos would not mean much at all. Likewise, high rating at standard-rules 8x8 does not mean all that much anymore in world of prolificism. Probably there will be lot of scatter in transferring skill from small 8x8 to 9x9 (Shogi), 9x10 (Xiangqi), or 10x10 (Centennial). Some will do better than others. Many in CVPage, used to 9x9, 9x10 and 10x10, could already win over the OrthoChess specialists all the way to the top, Kramnik, whoever, at personal games on larger boards with enough time available, as Joyce and others elucidate.
''To you insane world / But one reply --I refuse.'' -- Marina Tsvetaeva Mutual stalemate is how this thread, ProblemThemesTwo, started in 2007. http://www.chessvariants.org/usualeq.dir/msaprobl.html Mutual assured destruction. Stalemate from the outset in two set-ups of the two comments of 14.July.2007 and 7.July.2007. In both, neither Pawn nor piece can move by either side, whoever goes first. The first 4 of the 13 comments are the relevant ones. There is no filtering mechanism, nor Pawns advanced past mid-board. It keeps full strength 50% piece density. It takes some of the wildest heterodox pieces imaginable. Only certain tailored exotics will do -- from Winther, Gilman, Betza, Duke -- all the 4 top formulators. They include elsewhere related ProblemThemes1, which shows just White unable to move legally in over 20 more example boards. The explanations for the double stalemates are below each board 14.July.2007 and 4.July.2007 by scrolling back these posts ''all messages'' above. Give it up is the fashioned theme, go do something else for a change, for there's no way to play it out, or even any first move. Beyond zugzwang. The one here 14.July uses Murmillo of Winther, Divergent Chess Rook and 5-stepping multi-path Dragon to advantage. The one 6.July uses 6-stepping Phoenix. The final frontier, a marvel to behold and thankfully nary a motion. As far as I know, Sam Loyd and T.R. Dawson did not try out the idea. As long promised, for your own good, you'll never move again. By these boards, for everybody's own good. Sam Loyd and T.R. Dawson have no odd rules-set, not one, so why should you? The only approach is scientific. The other (here we go again) is ''I like...''
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